Feb 19, 2020 prenatal development, the process encompassing the period from the formation of an embryo, through the development of a fetus, to birth. Prenatal sensory development a sequential order of development and maturation is present in typically developing infants. The fetal stage is the third stage of prenatal development and covers the period from the end of week eight to birth. A newly married couple plans to use the natural family planning method of contraception. The study of development begins at the moment of conception the sperm fight to be the only the egg. Prenatal development true or false one that can successfully fertilize the study of development begins at birth. Explain how the developing embryo and fetus may be harmed by the presence of teratogens and describe what a mother can do to reduce her risk. While you might think of child development as something that begins during infancy, the prenatal period is also considered an important part of the developmental process. Beginning in the 9th week after conception, the embryo becomes a fetus. The following information is used as a general guide for healthy fetal development, although development may vary due to the mothers health or a miscalculation of ovulation. Prenatal development is divided into three main periods 1germinal period 02 weeks conception occurs in fallopian tubes cell differentiation rapid cell division 42% of conceptions successfully implant in uterus blastocyst a cell mass that develops from the zygote in the germinal period and forms a hollow sphere in preparation for implantation. The brain development that takes place during the prenatal period helps set the course for what will take place outside the womb. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools.
The prenatal development period covers the time from conception to birth and is sometimes described in terms of trimesters first, second, and third or of three stages germinal, embryonic, and fetal. Prenatal development includes the development of the embryo and of the fetus during a. Between the 6th and 8th weeks the development of the palate subdivides nasal and oral cavities. These publications, plus sameroff and chandler 1975, frame this articles focus on research investigations of fetal development, evidence of fetal programming, and the influence of prenatal events on infant outcomes, such as prenatal exposures to. Ehd hereby grants state and local governments a nonexclusive limited license to incorporate any or all of the prenatal development facts presented on this prenatal summary web page english and spanish into government web pages and printed materials at no charge. Conception occurs when an egg from the mother is fertilized by a sperm from the father. Promoting healthy prenatal development prenatal development is divided into three distinct stages these are the zygote, embryo and the real sense these three periods are a representation of continuous phases of development during which the developing organism is sustained and protected by amniotic sac, placenta and umbical cord and. View and download prenatal development essays examples. Prenatal development nature and nurture combine forces in prenatal development. Child growth and development pregnancy and prenatal.
Now we are going to begin the story of the lifespan. In order to have a healthy baby at the end of the term, there are a few factors which have to be. Conception the union of a male sperm cell and a female egg cell to form a new organism. Note that the sex of the child is determined by the sex chromosome it receives from the sperm. This process can be divided into three distinct stages. Period of development when major functional defects and minor structural defects can occur. During each prenatal stage, genetic and environmental factors can affect development. This care can begin even before pregnancy with a prepregnancy care visit to a health care provider. Child development a curriculum guide that outlines the content and teaching strategies to help teach students about child development. Helpful resources the organizations and resources below can provide you with more information on fasds, drinking and pregnancy, and how to get help if you are. Cells continue to divide, body structures become functional, and the fetus becomes capable of movement.
Maternal malnutrition increases in miscarriages, stillbirths, and premature births. Prenatal development boundless psychology lumen learning. Nichd eunice kennedy shriver national institute of child health and human development. Prenatal development notes prenatal development conception.
The stages and risks of prenatal development ivy tech university jaime heineman pregnancy is an exciting time for the mother as well as her friends and family. Pdf for decades, researchers have investigated how events in the prenatal. Calcium deficiencies development of bones and teeth in fetus. A summary of prenatal development in s development. The long fetal period 4x the embryonic period is a time of extensive growth in size and mass as well as ongoing differentiation of organ systems established in the embryonic period. Factors affecting prenatal development essay 1145 words. These three days of class allow the students to explore prenatal development in a classroom museum environment with the motto of please touch to help them understand the information. Much of development is generated by the fetus itself. This development continues into the 12th week with completion of the soft palate.
Developmental stages are periods during which physical or psychological functioning differs qualitatively from that of either earlier or later periods. Prenatal development conception occurs when a single sperm cell from the male unites with an ovum egg prenatal development is divided into 3 periods and lasts approximately 266280 days. Understanding how long an ovum can live after ovulation is important to them. Prenatal development is the process that occurs during the 40 weeks prior to the birth of a child. The nurse knows that his or her teaching was effective when the couple responds that an ovum is considered. Prenatal development, the process encompassing the period from the formation of an embryo, through the development of a fetus, to birth. Conception conception is the union of the mothers and fathers sex cells, also known as gametes or germ cells. Most often the babys head moves to the lower part of the uterus. Prenatal determinants of early behavioral and cognitive.
The first two weeks after conception are known as the germinal stage, the third. Prenatal development supports a single origin of laryngeal. The pregnancy book, including the mothers and fathers, medical and health professionals, and the many individuals and organisations. Lets look and measure some of the changes that occur during this human fetal development and learn about some of the chemicals that could disrupt this normal development. Gestational age is the age of the pregnancy from the last normal menstrual period lmp, and fetal age is the actual age of the growing baby. Prenatal summary the endowment for human development. Recent investigations suggest that certain factors play an important role in the development of a child during the prenatal period. The brain develops over the course of the prenatal period, but it will continue to go through more changes. The umbilical cord joins the embryo and the placenta or afterbirth. The developing fetus is completely dependent on the mother for life. Because a woman has only x chromosomes, every ovum carries an. The zygote is transformed into an embryo and then a fetus through the processes of.
This period is generally divided into three stages. It is an experience which has every emotion you can think of. By definition, prenatal development is the process in which an embryo or fetus develops during pregnancy, from fertilization until birth. Examine the diagrams below of the developing human baby. Study online flashcards and notes for alterations in respiratory system. All the major aspects of the growing organism have been formed in the embryonic phase, and now the fetus has approximately six months to go from weighing less than an ounce to weighing an average of 6 to 8 pounds. The fertilization of an ovum by a sperm to form a zygote. The human face begins to form during the 4th week of embryonic development. Stages of prenatal development divided into three periods. Prenatal development introduction to psychology lumen learning. Mangiagalli, university of milan, milan, italy abstract knowledge of fetal nutrient supply has greatly increased in the last decade due to the availability of fetal blood samples. Community practitioners and health visitors association department for children, schools and families department for work and pensions food standards agency nct.
Teaching children the facts of life male and female reproduction birth defects, genetics, and heredity pregnancy stages of prenatal development labor, childbirth, and postpartum care. Now customize the name of a clipboard to store your clips. The process of growth and development within the womb, in which a singlecell zygote the cell formed by the combination of a sperm and an egg becomes an embryo, a fetus, and then a baby. Prenatal development child development parenting classes kids and. From beginning as a onecell structure to your birth, your prenatal development occurred in an orderly and delicate sequence. The process of prenatal development occurs in three main stages. Environmental influences cont maternal factors nutrition and maternal weight need 300 500 more calories a day need extra protein weight gain of 25 35 pounds less likely to have birth complications overweight before pregnancy highest risk of stillbirth or losing baby during first week of life.
An alcoholfree pregnancy is the best choice for your baby. This amazing process, called development, normally lasts about 38 weeks. Cell division begins 12 hours after fertilization and continues throughout. During rapid stage prenatal development, even small environmental disturbances can have serious and lasting consequences. The first two weeks of development are concerned with simple cell multiplication. Development happens quickly during the prenatal period, which is the time between conception and birth. This page shows some key events of human development during the fetal period weeks 9 to 37 following fertilization. In this lesson, we explore the role of heredity and the environment in human development, prenatal development, and childbirth. Nature and nurture combine forces in prenatal development.
Perfect for acing essays, tests, and quizzes, as well as for writing lesson plans. Prenatal development is a time of remarkable change that helps set the stage for future psychological development. The course of this prenatal development is divided into three main periods. Week 1 and 2 development see week 1 movie this lecture will discuss the first two weeks of human embryogenesis and describe the cleavage stages, blastocyst formation and hatching, and the generation of the bilaminar embryo. Prenatal development refers to the process in which a baby develops from a single cell after conception into an embryo and later a fetus. At each museum station, students will use the information and activity to complete their unit 3 workbook notes.
The prenatal period of development is a time of physical growth, but whats going on inside the brain is critical for future psychological development. Lets take a look at what happens to the developing baby in each of these stages. Factors affecting prenatal development the elaborate details of life begin with a single cell that develops into a full term fetus within approximately 40 weeks, 280 days or 10 lunar months. Laryngeal echolocation occurs in two separate groups of bats, so it is not clear if this is an example of convergent evolution or if those bats that cannot echolocate previously lost the ability. In other words, a strategy to optimize fetal development, if implemented, would not only have immediate health benefits, but also cumulative benefit for personal and social health and development for over many decades to come and as such would be in close accord with millennium development goals. The epigenetic framework is an important tool for helping us understand the interplay between nature or heredity and nurture or the environment. Aug 18, 2019 in most cases, prenatal development occurs normally and follows the established patterns of development with little variation. These nine months are divided into three 3month periods called trimesters. It is important that the mother takes good care of herself and receives prenatal care, which is medical care during pregnancy that monitors the health of both the mother and the fetus. Facial and palatal development columbia university. Clipping is a handy way to collect important slides you want to go back to later. The defining characteristic of the fetal stage is growth. Stages of h um an d evelopm ent austin community college.
Environmental influences cont maternal factors stress unusual stress during pregnancy at elevated risk of malformations. Human development introduction meaning of development lifespan perspective on development growth, development, maturation, and evolution box 4. First, maternal and fetal risk conditions arising in the prenatal period do not do so. Learn exactly what happened in this chapter, scene, or section of development and what it means. Getting early and regular prenatal care improves the chances of a healthy pregnancy.
However, a number of things, usually caused by genetics or environmental problems, can go wrong during this time. Pdf evolution and prenatal development researchgate. Class notes developmental psychology developmental psychologists are interested in common patterns of development and growth and the way in which people differ throughout the lifespan. The final and longest stage of the prenatal development. The development process involved an advisory committee, key informants and topic experts.
Also discover topics, titles, outlines, thesis statements, and conclusions for your prenatal development essay. Stages of prenatal development pdf monthly development pdf understanding human reproduction part ii key pdf miracle of life pdf a month at a time key pdf. Explain how the developing embryo and fetus may be harmed by the presence of teratogens and describe what a mother can do to reduce. This chart gives an overview of each sensory system, listed in the order in which the system matures to functionality and a brief description of the systems purpose and function. Think about the miraculous development that occurs during childhood in order for a tiny zygote to grow into a walking, talking, thinking child. Prenatal development baby, stages, average, definition. This article aims to examine the factors affecting prenatal development, significantly, before and during pregnancy with respect to the development of a childs personality at later stages of life.
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